Android Jetpack - Navigation

Navigation

• Navigation Resource 추가

  res 마우스 오른쪽 클릭 -> New -> Android Resource FIle -> Resource type을 Navigation으로 설정 -> 생성

• NavHostFragment 추가

  main_activity.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <LinearLayout
            xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
            xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent" xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
            android:orientation="vertical"
            tools:context=".MainActivity" android:id="@+id/linearLayout">
        <android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:background="@color/colorPrimary">
        </android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar>
  
        <FrameLayout android:layout_width="match_parent"
                 android:layout_height="0dp"
                 android:layout_weight=".9">
  
                 <!--add NavHostFragment-->
                <fragment
                    android:id="@+id/nav_host_fragment"
                    android:name="androidx.navigation.fragment.NavHostFragment"
                    android:layout_width="0dp"
                    android:layout_height="0dp"
                    app:defaultNavHost="true"
                    app:navGraph="@navigation/nav_graph_main" />
                </FrameLayout>
  
        <com.google.android.material.bottomnavigation.BottomNavigationView
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="0dp"
                android:background="@color/colorPrimary"
                android:layout_weight=".1"/>
    </LinearLayout>
  

• Navigation graph에 대상 추가

  

• Navigation 과 BottomNavigationView 연동

  activitiy에 BottomNavigationView 추가

    <com.google.android.material.bottomnavigation.BottomNavigationView
            android:id="@+id/bottomNav"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="0dp"
            android:background="@color/colorPrimary"
            app:itemIconTint="#ffffff"
            app:itemTextColor="#000000"
            app:menu="@menu/menu_bottom_nav"
            android:layout_weight=".1"/>
  

  #### menu_bottom_nav.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
          xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
            <item
                android:id="@id/mainFragment"
                android:title="Main Activity"
                app:showAsAction="always"/>
            <item
                android:id="@+id/secondFragment"
                android:title="Second Page"
                app:showAsAction="always"/>
            <item
                android:id="@+id/thirdFragment"
                android:title="Third Page"
                app:showAsAction="always"/>
    </menu>
  

  item의 id를 nav_graph에 등록된 fragment id로 지정

  MainActivity.xml

  override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
            setSupportActionBar(toolbar)
            val navController = findNavController(R.id.nav_host_fragment)
            NavigationUI.setupActionBarWithNavController(this, navController)
  
            //BottomNavigationView 연동
            NavigationUI.setupWithNavController(bottomNav, navController)   
    }
  

• Fragment 전환

    findNavController().navigate(id) #### 	id는  nav_graph에 등록된 fragment id
  

• 대상간에 데이터 전송

  nav_graph_main

    <fragment android:id="@+id/secondFragment" android:name="com.ls.project.navigation.SecondFragment"
                    android:label="SecondPage" tools:layout="@layout/fragment_second">
        <action android:id="@+id/action_secondFragment_to_thirdFragment" app:destination="@id/thirdFragment">
                <argument android:name="message" app:argType="string" app:nullable="true"/>
        </action>
    </fragment>
    <fragment android:id="@+id/thirdFragment" android:name="com.ls.project.navigation.ThirdFragment"
                    android:label="ThirdPage" tools:layout="@layout/fragment_third">
        <argument android:name="message" app:argType="string" app:nullable="true"/>
  

  • 일반적인 방법

      // 데이터를 보낼 때
      val bundle = bundleOf("message" to editText.text.toString())
      findNavController().navigate(R.id.thirdFragment, bundle)
    
      // 데이터를 받을 때
      val receivedMessage = arguments?.getString("message")
      message.text=receivedMessage
    

  • Safe Args 사용

      // 데이터를 보낼 때
      val message = editText.text.toString()
      val action = SecondFragmentDirections.actionSecondFragmentToThirdFragment(message)
      findNavController().navigate(action)
    
      // 데이터를 받을 때
      val receivedMessage = args.message
      message.text = receivedMessage
    

• Global Action

    <navigation xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
                xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
                xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
                android:id="@+id/nav_graph"
                app:startDestination="@id/mainFragment">
        <action android:id="@+id/action_global_secondMain" app:destination="@id/secondActivity"/>
        ...
    </navigation>
  

  Global Action 사용

    findNavController().navigate(R.id.action_global_secondMain)
  

• Fragment -> Activity -> Fragment 데이터 전송

    // 데이터를 보내는 fragment
    val message = activity_message.text.toString()
    val action = MainFragmentDirections.actionMainFragmentToSecondActivity(message)
    findNavController().navigate(action)
  	
    // 데이터를 받는 activity
    val args: NavGraphSecondArgs by navArgs()
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_second)
        setSupportActionBar(second_toolbar)
  
        val navController = findNavController(R.id.second_nav_host_fragment) 
  
        val bundle = bundleOf("message" to args.message)
        navController.setGraph(navController.graph,bundle)
    }
  	
    //데이터를 받는 새로운 activity의 fragment
    val args : SecondMainFragmentArgs by navArgs()
    override fun onCreateView(
        inflater: LayoutInflater, container: ViewGroup?,
        savedInstanceState: Bundle?
    ): View? {
        // Inflate the layout for this fragment
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_second_main, container, false)
    }
  
    override fun onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState)
  
        val receivedMessage = args.message
        message.text = receivedMessage
    }
  

• Github 예제

• 참조

  • [Navigation]